![]() Only a few classification systems support decision-making concerning instability leading to early operative treatment. ![]() CT scan is more sensitive and reliable than X-ray in detecting misalignment of the upper cervical spine. The status of crucial ligaments plays a key role in determining instability of upper cervical spine injuries. The determinants involve translation, vertical distraction, angulation, rotation, obliquity of fracture line, comminution, and ligamentous disruption. Various instability criteria were established as well. The recent classifications pay more attention to the investigation of ligamentous status. The early classifications are based primarily on injury morphology and mechanism. Numerous separate classification systems for each specific injury of the upper cervical spine were obtained. An English literature search was conducted using various combinations of keyword terms. MethodsĪ systematic review of literature concerning upper cervical spine injuries was performed on the PubMed database from inception to December 2019. Since identifying unstable injuries of the upper cervical spine is essential for immediate stabilizing therapy, this article reviews the current classification systems of upper cervical spine injuries and their statements towards instability. That should fade within a few minutes.The diagnosis of instability of the injured upper cervical spine remains controversial, due to its complicated anatomical configuration and biomechanical property. While the scan itself is painless, you may notice some odd sensations, such as warmth in your body or a metallic taste in your mouth immediately after receiving the contrast dye. This usually isn’t necessary because the exam is very brief. If you know you that have a hard time staying still or if you’re claustrophobic, you may want to ask your doctor for a sedative. A pillow and straps will sometimes be used to help you stay in place. You’ll need to stay still during the exam so that the images will be as clear as possible. The table will then move slowly through the scanner while the X-ray beams record images.Īny movement you make while you’re inside the scanner can affect the CT images. Once you’re ready, you’ll lie on an examination table (usually on your back) that slides into a tunnel at the center of the CT scanner. A nurse will inject the dye before the test begins. If your test requires dye, you’ll receive it through an intravenous line or through an injection near your spinal cord. This will help your doctor to see certain areas in your body clearly. In some cases, you’ll need to have an injection of contrast dye. How is a cervical spine CT scan performed? If your doctor is doing a biopsy (tissue removal) or removing fluid from an infected area in your cervical spine, they may use a CT scan of your neck as a guide during the procedure.Ī CT scan of the neck may be done along with other tests, such as MRI scans or X-rays. This can help your doctor determine the severity of your condition and identify any weakened areas that should be protected from fractures. ![]() It can also provide important information if you have certain bone diseases, such as arthritis or osteoporosis, by measuring your bone density.
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